Train-control apparatus



AJ. aooKlNs. TRAIN` CONTROL APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6, 1918'.

A. J. BHOOKINS.

TRAIN CONTROL APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAII.6, 1918.

1,369,880. f Patented Mar. 1, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

VWX/2655: [Mae/N021' 52M a ndrew JBFOOACIHS.

WM Tum@ A. l. BROOKINS.

TRAIN CONTROL APPARATUS. APPLICATIQN HLEDl MM. 6, 191s.

l 1,369,880, Patea Mar. 1,1921,

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

)1r/C75 M NA6.

5j /wmqu bz2/enton- CQMW mirew roofz'ram Wizness:

A. J. BROOKINS.

TRAIN CONTROL APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6, 191s.

1,369,880. Patented Mar. 1, 1921'.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

A. l. BROOKINS. TRAIN CONTROL APPARATUS;

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6, 1918- Patented Mar. 1, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

l. l ,1mm

inventor: flndrew Jroo k1 715i.-

entre srar ANDREVJ J. BROOKINS, 0F BUXTON, IOWA.

TRAIl-CONTROL APARATUS.

Lacasse.

' Y 10 all whom it may concern.'

Ee it known that I, ANDREW J. BizooKiNs,

i a resident of Buxton, in the county of Montivel or motor car inposition to be observedl by the engineer or motor man, with energizingmeans, also located in said cab or motor, and co-acting withandopera-ted by mechanical and electrical installations including andalongside the rails of a railroad track which is divided into blocks vbysuitable insulation.

.Among the objects of this invention are, to obtain improved,automatically actuated, signal devices which continuously exhibit to aperson in the cab wherein it is located, the condition, (relative to itsbeing clear or occupied), of the track of the block on which Y the cabor car is about to enter, or entering,

and also the said condition of the next block in advance of said oneentered, orabout to be entered, upon; to obtain an improved de vicev ofthe kind named which requires no considerable change in' the trackinstallation already iii use in what is known as block system ofautomatic electric singals; to obtain a device which, under-.determinedconditions hereinafter set forth, automatically applies brakes to atrain which is applicable to a single track, on which trains are openated in opposite directions, and a device which is certain in operation,not liable to to be broken or to get out of order, and which, if not inoperative condition, willi not give a clearusignal Additional objectsare disclosed in the v drawings, specification and claims hereof.

In the drawings referred to,`

Figure l is a diagrammatic view ofsev.`

eral blocks or sections'of a railway, track and track sideinstallations.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of one vof thev duplicate ramps which areelements of the installation indicated in. Fig. 1, on an enlarged scale;and l Y Fig. 3 is an end elevation of said ramp, a side elevation of anattaching clamp, and across sectional view of a rail of the track.

Specification of Letters Patent.

o Patenten Mar. i, '1921.

Application filed 'March V6, i915. Serial No. 220,729.

.n Fig. 4 is a vertical section of a signal and air pipe controllingdevice which is mounted on a motor car, or engine cab, land mechanicallyoperated by the sliding contact of the shoe thereof with a-ramp.

Fig. 5, isa top plan View of the control-Y ling device which lisillustrated in section in Fig. 4, with the jaws carrying the armav4tures of the electromagnets `which are elements ofthe device,inmechanically placed position, (by the raising of the plunger), and thecoils of the said magnet not energiZed. 'i

with the coils of the electromagnet energized yand the jaws carrying thearmature of said Fig. 6, is a view similar to that in Fig. 5,

Fig. 11, is an end view of theY lever of',

an engineers brake valve and of a link connecting said lever to anairvalve and electric switch which form elements of a constructionwhichembodies ,this invention, j

showing said valve in section.

. Fig. 12, is a top plan View of said link.

Fig. 13, is a plan view of a modifiedform of the link illustratedinFigsll and 12 and i of a lever of an engineers brake valve, showinganelectric switch andan air valve .(in

horizontal section) controlled by said link; and'` Fig. 14, representsin. side elevation a manually loperated switch which, particularly inpassenger service, forms an ele- Y ment ofthe mechanism illustrated inFig. 4.

A reference character applied to designate j a given part indicates.said part throughout the several figures of the drawing wherever thesame appears;

Co-acting with the installations embodying this invention areV theVusual track installa-tions, which respectively comprise the yrails of ablock, the coils of an electro-*magnet which 'is yarranged to normallyhold its armature ina pre-determined position, and thereby control theposition of a movable conductor, and a battery or other means toenergize the circuit formed bysaid rails, said coils' and saidenergizing` means. 'The several elements of the track installations are,as usual, so related that when a body Which is provided with suitableelectric connecting members, (as Wheels and axles which are electricconductors,) moves on to the rails of the track the coils of theelectromagnet are shunted, and When shunted are not of sufficient forceto hold the armature thereof in its normal position. Said circuit isalso arranged so that said holding of said armature in normal positionrequires electric continuity in the rails of the block, and energizablecondition in said battery (or other electric generator).

In an embodiment .of this invention, the track side installation whichis required to co-act With the herein illustrated and describedinstallation on the engine, motor car, or other-track riding movingbody, comprises a four part rail in each section or block of therailway, Which rail is secured alongside the track to serve as a ramprail, or ramp, as it is usually termed. The several parts or sections ofeach ramp are insulated from each other, as Well as from the ground, andthe upper (operative) faces of said sections from the ends of the rampas they approach the center, in Whatever direction said moving body istraveling,

Yare positioned in upwardly inclined planes,

so that, as the Aco-acting shoe Which is mounted on a moving bodytraveling over the rails of the track comes in contact With la ramp itwill be raised by said ramp until it arrives midway thereof, after Whichit will descend until, as it leaves the ramp, it Will be in the sameposition as when it entered thereon, relative to the mechanism on saidmoving body Which is adjacent to said shoe.

Said trackside installations respectively comprise a generator, tconductors, (which include the descending sections of ramps), movableconductors, (which are controlledL by the armatures ot' theelectro-magnets in the track circuits), and additional elements whichare illustrated in the drawings and hereinafter described.

The movable conductors are normally in electric continuity with and forma partv of the trackside conductors, being arranged to be moved andbreak vsaid continuity on the movement of said armatures, as by a springor Weight, then said electro-magnets are shunted.

4The installations in the bodies which are movabley onrthe rails of ablock of the v track, hereinafter termed the cab installations,illustrated in the drawings and hererlhe trackside installations thusinclude generators and electric conductors, (comprising ramps andmovable conductors), which are adapted to become elements ot electriccircuits that include cab installa-g tions; the traekside.conductors ofsaid circuits beinff continuous so long as the ycoils oit theelectro-magnets of the track circuits are not shunted, and broken whensaid coils are shunted; and, said trackside conductors being continuous,said circuits are closed and venergized When a shoe which is an elementci a cab installation arrives at and .ioves on the descending sectionsof a ramp.

From the foregoing nam-cd installations it occurs that the track and thetrackside installations are so constructed that the electricalconditions of the descending sections oir a ramp which is about to beengaged by a shoe of a movino` body are controlled by the conditions, asto being in goed order, clearl or cccupied) of determined blocks inadvance 'oiE said ramp.

Vrind that, ina single track system a plurality oit ramps are soinstalled that from Whichever end or" said blocka moving body isapproaching,'the electrical conditions ot the descending sections oi'said ramp is controlled by the cgood order, clear or occupied7conditions of said blocks, in advance ci the moving body.

Bythe hereinafter described installations and mechanisms, under clearconditions ot given blocks, inV a double track system, the descendingsections ot a ramp not less than tivo blocks from Vsaid given blocks,V

(on the opposite end thereof from which the train is designed toapproach), are elements of trackside installations of which the electricconductors are continuous; and in a single track system the descendingsections of ramps positioned at both ends or sides oit said givenblocks, and not less than tivo blocks therefrom, are elements of'trackside installations ol which the tracksideconductors are continuous;and hence` said descending` sections of said ramps and the cabinstallations of an approaching moving body, will bein a closed andenergized circuit as and if'hen the shoe of said cab installationcontacts with and moves on said sections. i

Under caution conditions of said given blocks, and under the last abovenamed conditions ci: an approaching moving body, the one ot saiddescending sections 01"' said ramp (or ramps), which is nearest thesummit thereof Will not, and the remaining descending section thereofWill, be in a closedand energized circuit. l

Under' danger conditions of said given blocks, neitherV descendingsection of said ramp (or ramps) will be in an energizable condition, andno element of the cab installation Will'be electrically energized.

Briefly, in a double track system installation, under signal conditionsof given blocks, the descending sections of a vramp Which is in advanceof a moving body approaching said blocks from a determined direction,and in a single track system installation the descending sections of anadditional ramp on the opposite endsvof said blocks and in advance of amoving body approachingl said opposite ends of said blocks, are inelectrical condition to be energized by. trackside batteries, as shoesof the cab installation of a moving body contact therewith. That is, ina single track system installation, blocks'controlling the electricalcondition of opposite halves of tivo ramps, (said halves comprisingdescending sections only), are arranged so that, from whicheverdirection a body on the rails of the track approaches said blocks, thesignal conditions control the electrical condition of the descending andoperating sections.

To permit trains in both directions to be operated under this apparatus,both the ascending and the descendin sections of the several ramps areelectrical y controlled by the trackside installation; but With a trainmoving in a given direction on the track it is immaterial Whether theascending sections are energized or not, as said ascending sections arefor the purpose of mechanically operating the shoe and, When said shoehas .come into contact With the lower end of the plunger upon leaving aramp; and that position is determined by track signal conditionsexisting at the time the shoe is on the descending side of a ramp. As.the shoe moves over the ascending face of a ramp the plunger is forcedup by said shoe from the position in which it is when the trainapproaches the ramp to attention position. 1f the plunger is on dangerthe caution lamp becomes the first attention si nal. 4The clear lampbecomes an additional attention signal; and the Whistle as the shoereaches the apex of the ramp becomes a third attention? signal. It thetrack is in normal condition, which is clear, and the signal. clear isdisplayed as the train approaches a ramp, the attention si nal Willsimply be a brief sound on the Whistle; because the .invention is'todestroy any and all previous signal indications at each ramp, and aplurality of rapid lightings and eXtinguishings of lamps as a ramp ispassed, (occurring When a danger or caution signal is. displayed priorto arriving at a giveniramp), gives positive assurance that theVapparatus .is f

functioning properly. f

By the raising of the shoeas it travels on the ascending face of a ramptheiface' of'A said shoe in contact With the ramp becomes cleaned,so'that good electrical contact be tween said shoe and ramp occurs assaid shoe moves down the incline 4from the highest point of said ramp.

AB indicates a ramp comprising sections a, al, Z), 51, Whichareseparated by insulating` material C, and are mounted on clamps D,(see Figs. 2 and 3), from Which-they are electrically separated byinsulation d. In each section, or block, the clamp D is secured to therail E, as by the movable javv (Z1 and bolt d, (see Fig. 3), so that therelative andparallel position of the ramp AB and therail E is obtained.As is usually done, each block of therailroad' track (indicated bynumerals 1, 2, 3`aud t, respectively,

Vin Fig.v 1), are provided With batteriesivhich are indicated andlettered 1", 2a, 3a, ande, respectively.

rhe several parts of the track and track.- side installation which arediagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 1, are indicated by numerals whichdesignate the block in which the element or memberis locatedfandI anindex letter to said numerals, respectively,

. Which designates said element, it being understood that thesameelements are installed Y in every block and designated with the sameindex letter appliedto a numeral ,designat-V ing the block. Y

ln each block lozt the trackf installation a Vrelay comprising anelectro-magnet is installed, such magnet, in block 2 being indicated bythe character 2b, and in blocks 1 and 3 by the characters 1 and 3b,respectively, as abovesuggested, and the coils oi these magnets areconnected to ,the rails ot the track by conductors,'which are indicatedin blocks 1,V Q and 3 by the lines designatedv by the characters 1a, 1d,2C, 2d, and 3, 3d.

YThe coils of these electro-magnets are energized When a block is clearfVby the batterres la, etc., and are shunted, or short cirfcuited, when amotor, enginev or body which is provided with a metal conductor in con-.tact with both rails ot the track, is on said vblocks.4

Go'facting With said l'electro-Inagnets are movable,electroconductorswhich are mounted on or connected to the armatures of said magnets. Suchdevices being well known in the art and in common use in automatic sig'-nal systems as now constructed, they are diagrammatically indicated inFig. 1 of the drawings, and arenot otherwise illustrated.

In blocks 1, 2 and 3 these movable conductors,l controlled by armatures,as recited,fare indicated by reference characters 1e, 1f, 2e, 2f, and3e, 3f. When Vthe magnets are energized by the track batteries of theblock in which they are positioned, these movable conductors formmembers of electric circuits which are broken on the shunting of thecoil of the said magnet, or the removal of a rail of said block.

The y circuits last above referred to, in which the movable conductors1, lf, in block 1; 2e, 2f, in block 2; and 3e, 3f in block 3, and so on,are members, Vare respectively adapted to energize a ramp, as inpreviously i 'made trackside installations, but in the tracksideinstallations required in the embodiment of this invention, each rampbeing, (ashereinbefore stated), formed of four parts or sections, twothereof ascending` and two descending, relative to an approaching body,the said circuits are arranged to energize the descending sections ofaramp, (relative to said approaching body), which are positioned in ablock in advance of the blocks by which said magnets are controlled. Itis immaterial whether the ascending sections of a ramp are energized, assaid ascending Asections mechanically' operate the shoe travelingthereover, and, said sections being energized, the only effect thereofis to draw, or attract, the` armatures of-cab carried electro-magnets,and the ascent of said shoe and plunger mechanically forces saidarmatures from said electro-magnets.

When the coils of electromagnets positioned in blocks in advance of anapproaching train, or body, are energized sufficiently to attract thearmatures thereof, said members (say 2e, 2f,) are in contact withcontact points 2g, 2h, respectively; and 2i` represents a battery whichis adapted to energize the track side circuits 0f which said members areelements. 2, Fig. 1, indicates a conductor which connects movableconductor 2e with station 2, and 2J',L represents a conductor fromstation 2 electrically connecting movable conductor 2e and section al ofthe ramp` 0f block 3. Tapped into this conductor 2j is the circuitcontroller Y, operated Y Vby a signal, (y) and from a point (y1) in saidcontroller Y, conductor 211 extends to section a of said ramp in block3. This circuit controller Y, provided with a signal, (g/)f and point orterminal ((2/1), is well known and in common use in automaticl c blockVsignal systems, .and is diagrammatr -of movable conductors 1f, 2f, 3f.

cally .indicated in Fig. 1, not being otherwise illustrated. i

Also, illustrated as electrically connected to movable conductor 2e, (bytapping into station 2) is conductor -2J`, electrically ductor -211extends to section b of said ramp in block 1. Vhen either of saidsignals assumes the caution aspect, .its circuit controller (Y, or Y),is operated by the sigc nal mechanism, to open the electric circuitcontrolled thereby.

1k, 2k, and 3k, respectively, represent conductors which are connectedat one end to contact points 1g, 2g, 3g, and at the other end to thepositive sides of batteries 1i, 2i, 3i; and 11, 21, 31, respectively,represent conductors which are attached at one end to the negative sideof said batteries and at the other end to contact points 1h, 2, 2 and311 2p indicates a conductor which connects movable conductor 2t withstation 2q. y

Tapped into station 2q are the `conductors 2m, and -2: conductor 2mextending toa rail of the track in block 3, and conductor 2m extendingto a rail of the track in block 1, with whichsaid rails said conductorsare in electrical contact. Y

1e, 1f, and 3C, 3f, are respectively movable electric conductors,controlled `by thelarmatures of the electro-magnets in the trackcircuits, which are indicated by numbers designating the blocks and anindex, as above rccited, indicating the element or conductor. Conductors--3j and --3j, 'are the same elements in the track side installation ofblock 3 that conductors-2j and 21, represent in thetrackside-installation of blockl 2. In blocks 1 and 4, (Fig. 1), X and Xrespectively represent a motor, engine, or other movable body on therails of the track. The coils 0f the electro-magnet 1b, in block 1, areillustrated as not energized bythe battery 1a sulliciently to holdthereto the armature thereof, said coils being shunted or shortcircuited by car X5 hence the circuits controlled by said magnet areopen; while blocks 2 and 3, not havingV a car or similar body thereon,and the coils of electro'- magnets 2b and 3b Hbeing suflicientlyenergized, the circuits controlled thereby are closed.

In block 2 the track circuit; starting from battery 2, comprises theupper rail, (as viewed in Fig. 1), ofthe track of block 2, conductor 2d,the coilsof the electro-magnet 2b, conductor 2c the lower rail of saidblock 2, and said battery 2a. The track Side installation of thecircuits controlled thereby,

said controller is closed, as under clearl conditions, point y1,conductor 2jl and section a of said ramp in block 3. 'liey also comprisefrom station 20, conductor --2l and section 1 of the ramp in block l,controller -Y, which is tappedinto conductor 25,

the lower vrail of bloclrl, and conductor -2m, and thence as from thelower rail of vblocl; 3, back to battery 2i, and when said controller isclosed, as illustrated, (incident to clear condition), point-y1,conductor -211, and section Z of said ramp in bloelrl.,

The sections o, al, of the ramp in block-3, and Z), b1, of the ramp inblock l, are thus elements of a trackside installation which includes abattery 2i and a continuous conductor therefrom to said ramp, as in thelast preceding paragraph traced. rlhe remaining elements of said lastnamed circuits are installed in the moving body, or bodies, (X or 'X),and as either,l or both, of saidl bodies move, or moves, into blocks 1or 3,

said circuits are completed and energized; `I d J1, the other end ofsaid pipe extendingto and signals are given in said moving body toindicate the yconditions of the trackside 'cir-y cuits controlled by therelay in block 2, as is hereinafter fully described.

ln Figa a vertical sectional view of oneof duplicate mechanisms whichare mounted on the motor, engine, or other n iovmg body which is adaptedto travel on rails E, lis

given: and in said figure, F represents a shoe mounted on arms f, f, andhaving a plurality of members f1, f1, which are arranged to contact`with the several ramps AB. Shoe F, in Fig. Ll, is illustrated vin itseXtreme up ward position, as when raised by .contact with the apex of aramp,A and the plunger (G), `of said mechanism is also illustrated,

in said figure, in its extreme upward `position. ',Z. Z1 represents thetwo part frame, shell or casing, of the mechanism illustrated in el,said partsbeing electrically separated by the insulation indicated byreference character Z2. FlungerG is longitudinally movable incasingvZand comprises a hollow portion,A or part, at thelower end thereof, inwhich is loosely mounted the lon;

gitudinally movable member g, which n is yieldingly held lin contactwith the upper fare of shoe F, by spring g1. The upper end ofv saidspring g1 abuts against valveV g2,

hence this spring yieldingly holds said valve closed on its port, aswell as holding member g in contact with shoe F. ln case of the breakingof oneor both of the arms f, f,

whileshoe' F is not in contactwith a ramp member j] will be forced outofthe plunger (i, and springl g1 and valve g2A will move downward, openingthe port whichl at all A other times is closed by said valve. l' H,rep-v resents la piston whichis rigidly mounted on plunger Gr, and h, h,are piston ringson piston l-l.l Piston ll', isadapted to,y close thelower end of .cylindrical chamberl in casing Z.- I1, represents anadditional chamber in casing Z, below said piston H,and I2 represents agland permitting the plunger Gr to move longitudinally without loss ofany air under pressure, which is containedjin said chamber' l1(after'piston H moves beflow port J1). h1, h1, are apertures in plungerfi-, which communicate, respectively,

with the cylindrical chamber I, and with the port of valve g2. 3J,indicates an inlet port tothe .cylindrical chamber I, and jrepfV resentsone end of aflexible (rubber), hose, which leads from the train pipe tosaid inlet port J. Jl, indicates an outlet port to the cylindricalvchamber I, which outlet port is closed by piston H Vwhen said piston isin a position as illustrated in Figs: 4 and 7 ;"V isv partially openedwhen saidpiston 1s in v,

the position in which it is illustrated inFig.

8, and is openedwhen said piston lis in the position inwliich it isillustrated iniFig. 9,r of the drawings. j1,represents one end' of aiipe, or conduit, attached to the outlet'port and adapted to dischargeinto signaling apparatus, which is particularly illustrated in Fig. l0of the drawings, and hereinafter described. la represents a stutling boxadapted to close the upper end of cylindrical chamber l, withoutinterfering with longi' tudiiial movement of plunger G, and K representsa spring yieldingly holding the plunger G spring K, being compressed bythe raising of the plunger'Gr to.the'position in which it isfillustratedin Fig. ll, by its" resiliency forces said plungerdownward from its saidposition inFig. d, tending toV hold the plun ger against the slice F,and valso'to hold said shoe against the ramp rail which has raised iooyi in the position thereof which is illustrated in Fig. 9 of thedrawings. Said the shoe. The upper end (G1), of plunger j G isrepresented is insulated from the 'lower end of said plunger, byinsulation Gif L represents a table provided'with an aperture throuv'liAwhich the up er end` G1 of o ip y. plunger G, loosely extends, and 1 isa p0rtion or part of tableL onv which-the jaws M, M, (Figs. 4, 5, and6), carrying arma@l ture N of electro-magnet 0, rest. Jaws' M, M, arepivoted, as at m, and the free end of said jaws, when the same areclosed, Vare in the path of movement of the beveled edge of part G1 ofthe plunger, andhence, as said' plunger is raised by shoe'F in ascendinga ramp AB, said jaws are mechanically forced iasV - contacts R, R1. R2,R3, respectively.

apart out of said path orn movement, regardless of wheth-er or not thecoils of electromagnet O are energized. The upper edge of end G1, isindicated as chamfered or beveled at G3 in Fig. 4, and the lower edge ofjaws M with which said upper .end of the plunger lcomes in contact inits upward travel is also illustrated as beveled (see Figs. '7, 8, and9). The upper end G1 is provided with the annular grooves or recesses?,P1. Said recesses are illustrated as undercut as at p. Q represents anelectrical'contact 'member attached to the upper end G1-ot plunger G,and electrically insulated therefrom by insulation Q1. Q2 represents abrush on contact Q, and Q, Q', represent guides attached to the top ortable Zfof partvZ1 of casing Z, but insiulated there'trom by insulationg1. The contact Q is in electrical contact with guides g, g. '92,represents an electrical conductor'which is attached toguide's g, g. R,R1, R2 and B3, represent electrical contacts with; which the brush Q2 issuccessively inv electrical contact, in the longitudinal movementv ofplunger A. electrical conductors attached at one end to 1r. (Fig. l0),represents battery which is arranged to energize the several signals andcontrol circuits contained in the engine, or cab, r1, represents aconductor from battery R1 to ground R1?. Conductors r, r1, r2, and r3,are illustrated as respectively extending to grounds Rg, R125, Rzg, Ragwith signals RS,

R11, R25, andRS, interposed thereon; said i grounds Rg, R1g, R2g,R3g,and R, being the frame of the engine, or motor car, or cab. Theelectro-magnets C)V l, 5, and 6) are contained in frame S, and 4saidframe is containedin part Z1, of casing Z. vVhenthe coilsotelectro-magnets O are energized armatures N are attracted'thereby, andjaws M, M, are thereby closed on plunger' G, and in the descent of saidplunger and the energizing of said coils at the time one'ol' therecesses,- P, P1, isin suitable position, closes said jaws into saidrecesses, and holds said l plunger suspended. 50

T representsA an electric conductor at.- tachedto shoe F, and to thebase of casing Z; and T1 represents a similar conductor attached tocasing Z and to the positive side of the coils of electro-magnets O. T2represents aconductor attached to the negative side of said coils ofelectro-magnets O, and to top Z3 of casing Z. t represents a conductorfrom top Z3 to ground t1, said ground being the frame of the engine,motor, or cab. V.

In Fig. l() is illustrated an elevation of a signal apparatus, airreleasing mechanism,

a controlling lever, and an electric governor, with a diagram of othermembers. The discharge pipe y1, from the cylindrical chamr, r1, r2, r3,representv ber I, in casing Z, (see Fig. 4), isftappedVV by the pipes a,a, and said pipes are closed by the valves a, a2, when said valves areseated. The normal position of valve uY is illustrated, being open, sothat when the piston H descends to open poi-td.1 to the cylindricalchamber l, rairV from the trainj pipe flowing through flexible `pipe y',port'J, cylindrical chamber I, port J 1, vand pipe or conduit j1, intopipe u, may escape throughv the port with which said valve u 'co-acts,into pipe U, and to and through the whistle U', to sound the saine, asis indicated by the arrows which are designated by character Uf. Thevalve u2 alsois normallyv open and a similarilow of air may occurthroughY pipe u, the port with which valve u2 lco-acts, and

said signal U. V

To enable the engineer to proceed yat a pre-determined speed when pistonH is in the position illustrated in Fig. 9, and the air is flowing fromthe train pipe through the ports of valves u', u2, as last abovedescribed, I provide an electric governor, (seefFig. l0), which isillustrated ascomprising springs V1, V1, balls V2, V2, on v saidsprings, commutator rings V3, attached to one end of said springs,-andslidably movable on shaft V4, and brushes lV, W1. I also provide, frombrush lV of this governor, the

.conductor 72, which extends to contacts lVVV; and fromv brush )V1conductor 73, which extends to the coils of electro-inagnets which areindicated bythe rectangle and conductor W from said coils to groundVVGg. Also, there are provided armature VT, on `lever 78, the rockingbar 79, link 710, and lever 711. WhenV said lever W11 is in the positionillustrated by tulll lines in Fig. 10, valves u, a?, may both be 'openand' said valve u is'necessarily open, with the stem Vthereotresting onlever W9; and valve a2 is'openV when the electro-magnet W5 is notenergized, y(to draw its armature V71 and lever W8, upward). By movingsaid lever W11, into the position which is indicated by the/broken linesdesignated by the characterW12, the rocking bar lV", is moved on itspivot to raise the end of lever W8, (which rests thereon when the coilsof electro-magnet W5 are not energized), so as to close valve u2 on itsport, thereby preventing the flow of air through said port. When saidvalve u2 is closed, by movement of'lever 711, as last' above set forth,inthe event of the coils of electromagnet W75. being energized, saidmagnet will attract armature W1, andA maintain said lever V78 in itsraised position; and so long as brushes W, V571, are in contact with theslidable commutator rings V3, said coils will be energized and saidvalve u2 will remain closedon its ports, after the lever W11 is` iso 1Reg, `batter7 R1, conductor Rswitch R6, 'so

moved from said position into the position which is indicated by thebroken lines designated )V112 Bythe last recitedV movement of lever W11,the rocking bar Vim 'is moved to raise the valve u to close itsport,jthe stem of said valve, (as hereinbeiore recited) resting on vsaidlever. s l

Both of said valves Iu and a2 being closed, by the means and the4 aboverecited movements or" lever V11','the flow of air from the cylindricalchamber I,`through port J', pipe j', pipes u, and the ports of valvesu', u2, is stopped; 'and the brakesof the train are released in theordinary manner of releasing brakes when the if'lowof air from a train`pipe is stopped. The train may now proceed so long as sai'dvalves af,u2, are seated to close their respective ports; and they will remain soseated so long as the engineer retains his grasp on lever W11, holdingit in theposition' indicatedbybroken lines W13 and the brushes WV, l/V1are in contact with commutator rings V3. v Sorlong as the speeddetermined by the governor' iis not exceeded, the circuits comprisingthe contacts VW1, conductor W2, brush WV, rings. V3, brush W1, conductorW3, the. coils of electro-magnet W1, conductor W1, ground .Vg, groundconductor g2, the combined guide and'pconductor g, contact Q, brush g1to said contact VW, are closed; but when the predetermined speed isexceeded the governor will operateV to slide commutator rings V3 onshaft V", out of contact with brushes W, V\71 The circuitwill be broken.b'yj-jsaid last `recited movementof commntator rings V3, and theelectro-magnet W5', being thereby denergized, armature Vv/ T71 and leverW8, will fall,

permitting valvemu2 to become V'v1.iiispeated, whereupon a flow 'of'airwill againV occur from the train pipe, as hereinbetore recited, lthroughpipes a, U, and signal U; theY brakes being 'thus again Vapplied thespeed of the engine, or motor car, -will be slowed down. flVhen thegovernor moves commutator ringsV3 to electrically .connect brushes WV,V71, uponagain' repeating the movement ,or lever W11 into the positiondesignated by )V12 and from there to W13, valves u1, u2, maybe againclosed, the brakes released, land a forward movement of thev A engineresumed.

lt willbe observed'tliat tlievrfrecited manipulation of lever W11, topermit Vsaid forward movement of the train,e ngine, or motorcar, 'isnecessitated only vwhen the plun-l ger G is in the position illustratedinFigs. 8 andA 9, (that is, caution or. danger). At said -timefwhenproceeding at not more than a predetermined rate 'of speed. valve a2 isheld seated by electro magnet*l W5, and valve'u1. is held seated bylever W11 being maintainedi'in' the osition indicatedlby brokenV lines`W13. ence, if the'person in ments. Said magnet will thereupon releaseits' armature', allowing valvev u? to open. Should the indication at aramp be caution, or danger, piston Huncovers outletrJ 1, and

air may escape through valves u1, u2, to ap ply brakes,- and said valvescan only be closed by manipulatinglever W11, as-recited.

Y The car `mounted elements, shoe F, con-y ductor T, the lowerpart ofcasing Z, (it being made of electric conducting material) conductor Tf,the coils of electro mag-V net conductorT2,the upper end Z3., oi:I

casing @conductor @and ground 17,2 hereinbefor'e recited, complete thecircuit' oi which the vtrack side installations illustrated in Fig.V lof the drawings, are 'elements ;V and when the operable sections of aramp with which saidyshoe is in contact are energized, theelectro-magnet O will be env-y ergized and jaws M, M, will be closed, toco-act, on the downward movementof plunger G, with vrecesses P, P', assaid' plunger follows the downward movement' of shoe F, assaid shoetravels over the descending sections of a ramp. -As but tworsectionsoit'a ramp are electrically operable, (because .of

the mechanical' operation obtainedl by Vthe ascendingl sections)l inwhichever direction a body is moving on the trackasaid jaws M, M, aremoved in; intimedgrelation with recess Pon plunger G,t'o'engagetherewith'7 iic sectienia,(when thel engine, cab', or cariismoving' in one direction) or b, (when moving vin the oppositedirection); isvenergized; and with recess P', (section tor beingdeenergized) if section 0,V or o", is energized. if botliV sections`Vot'- the electrically operable (on the descending side) sections ofl theramp are deeiiergized jaws M will not be moved by said; electro-magnet,and henc will not' engage with either oftherecesses l), P, and'plunger Gwill move downward after passing the ramp, into the position which isillustratedy fdangerpositionj y Y ltfwill be 'seen,oii referencetolFifg. 4, that when the plungery Gis raised to its upward limit oftravel, by shoe Fbeingon the apex oit' a'rramp, brush Q2 is in'electrical Contact with contact R; andby reference to Figsql, 7, 8, 9",and 10, that'whenfthe jaws M'engage with recess l), said plunger issus-Vpended withsaid brush in electrical Ycontact with Contact R', (as Figs.'7 and l0), and when said jaws are engaged with recess Pf, said brush isin'electrical contact with coniu Fig. 9, that-istinto lOO ' track, as bythe j ar` of a heavy. engine, or by frost, the plunger G is arranged totravel upward beyond the point necessary to d1sengage the jaws M, M, vasthe shoe moves over the apex of said ramp.

R4, Fig. l0, represents a battery which is arranged to energize theseveral signal circuits contained in the engine or cab. r4. represents aconductor from battery. R4 to ground R42. Conductorsr. r, r2, and r2,are illustrated as respectively extending to grounds, R2. R12, R22, R32,with signals R2,

R12, R22, and R22, interposed thereon.

When any of the circuits of .which con- V.tact Ris a member is closed,it is energized by battery R2, and. a signal Rs is energized. Thisoccurs as every ramp is passed, at the time the shoe F, is midway of theramp, and plungerl Gr is at its` highest point of travel; and saidcircuit consists of the conductor R, from battery'R4, switch R,conductor g2, guides g, contact Q, brush Q2, contact R, conductor 1', toground Rg, Ground R42, conductor r4, and the battery IRR The signalRywhich is interposed orcut into .conductor 0*, is thus energized at thepassing of everyramp, and serves to call attention to the fact thatentrance is being made on to a new block, andthe signals R12, R22, andR32, should be observed.

The respective circuits of which signalsl R,R22, and R22, are elements,includes the same elements from battery R4V tobrush Q2, as those in thelast described circuit of which signal Rs is an element, and as plungerG descends they are successively closed, bythe successive bringing ofsaid brush into electrical contact'with'the contacts R1, R2, and R3.

The circuit which includes signal R, starting from brush Q2, is, contactR1, conductora-1, to contact R1 of the duplicate device `which isinstalled on the engine, (or

cab), and from said contact, brush Q2, conductor rlto ground R12, groundRfS-cn` ductor 1", and batteryRf. This is. a continuously closed andenergized circuit betweeny ramps, when the section a (or b) is energizedas a shoe contactswith the first descending section of saidramp, and isthe clear signal circuit. The circuit including signalR2S, from saidbrush Q2, includes contact R2, conductor r2, to ground R22, and thenceas before, from ground R42, on conductor r4, to battery R4. This is acontinuously closed and energized circuit when .section o (or b), isdenergized by thecontinuity of the .trackside conductor of the y' seriesbeing broken, bymovableconductors of the.)c series, as hereinbeforerecited, `and section a` (or b) is energized, the continuity of thetraclrside.conductorsofl the jz-,series being maintained by the movable.conductor of the e series, and is the caution si nal circuit.yThe:circui-tinwhich signal 32 is ineluded, comprises, from saidgbrushQ2, contact R2, conductor 51:3,.uto ground .'Rg, and thence as before,from groundRt?. This is af continuously .',closeid and 4.energizedcircuit' when the descending side or. end. o'fthe ramp is `whollydenergized, .and isfthe danger signal circuit. It ,occurs when thecontinuity of the conductors of the y' Aand lj se-V ries of thetraclrside installation yis broken, asrby movable conductorsof the e'and f se-` ries breaking contact.

It :Will be. `observed that whenthe caution andtdanger` circuits. areclosed, that; is, ,when

the brush Q2 isinl electrical contact with signalcircuit'` asabovetraced. includes the contactiRI ofthe duplicate ldevice which isillustrated inthe engine:v or cab,and which for' alll other-purposes'yisi inoperative, there.

being no ramp on theoppositefside of the track. This ,cont-act'.ofsaidfdplicate 'dei'fice is: included. as anelementof thefc'learcircuit so kas `tolinsure the maintenance and operativeness "fthe.electrical .installation of said duplicatefdevice at'all times, soi'that if y the'engine be turned atan-y' time, tol .be run in the,opposite direction, the-'signals displayed bythe operation thereof maybe relied upon.

`The switchRfis 'mounted on lever Z* of valve Z2, and when ythe deviceiyis' tol be made inoperative,the turningV of saidj lever Z to close theval-ve Z2, (thus cutting oifth'el air supply lfrom' the "train pipe tocylindrical chamber'I), opens said' switch, and opens all `theelectrical lcircuits'in which?the'.electricv contactsof the R series aremembers.

:The -several -g'groi'lnds1?,R^5,1.R21?,y Rajfare installed'so that incasethe, positivejsidesof the coils of electro-.magnets O areaccidentally.y grounded said coils will vnotl *be` energized 4by batteryRf, `the effective. operation of the devicefrequiring said coils-tobeenergized by the batteries of the'trackside in'- stallationwhichenergizes the ramps.

Attention is called tol the vfact that a1- though all. the sections faramp may be energized whenA a shoe commences toslide 'or travelthereover, the plunger G will not be affected by the raising of theshoe, provided said plunger is suspended to give a clear signal, untilsaid shoe is near the apex of the ramp, and about to energize theattention whistle RS, and that as said shoe climbs the ramp, it is onthe mechanically operal tive side or part thereof and is thoroughlytached at one end to lever Z1 of valve Z3,

and is attachable at its other end to theV lever of the engineers brakevalve, so that when said engineers brake is in lap position, as when anengine is used as a pusher or helper, valve Z3 is closed, and switch Ris opened, and when said brake .valve is again put into usable position,said valve Z3 and switch R3 are automatically put into operativecondition. The lever Z1 in the construction illustrated in Figs. 11 and12, is provided with a groove, Z1, having an inclined portion, Z3, whichis engageable with link Z5, when the engineers brake lever (Z3 in saidFig. 11), is moved from running to lap position. The remainder of saidgroove is substantially horizontal so that said lever Z4 is not movedon. its fulcrum Z3,

.(Fig. 12), when said brake lever is moved from anyposition, except fromrunning to lap, or back again. In Fig. 11, valveZ3 is illustrated asclosed, vand switch R3, as

opened, the engineers brake valve being at lap.l The several partsillustrated in Fig. 11 being .in the position there shown, in case theengineers brake valve is moved to service or emergency, valve Z3 remainsclosed and switch R3 remains 0pen.

In the modification illustrated in Fig. 13, the severaly partsillustrated are lettered the same as in Figs. 11 and 12, the onlydifference in this construction being, that the pivot Z9 of the leverZ1, in Figs. 11 and 12 is in a horizontal plane while in Fig. 13 it isin a vertical plane and the portion of the link Z5 which engages with agroove.

Z1 and incline ZG, in Figs. 11 and 12 is in a horizontal plane while theposition of `said link which engages with said groove and incline inFig. 13 is in a vertical plane. By the above described construction ofthe valve Z3, leverl Z1, said valve Z3 is closed while cngineers brakevalve `is in lap, service., or emergency position and opened when Saidbrake valve is in holding, running or release position. Thus when engineis used as a pusher or helper or engineer is applying the brakes theautomaticV train control apparati are inoperative. i

A detail ofthe mechanism lwhereby train must come to a full stop upon adanger signal being displayed, is illustrated in Fig. 14. By saidconstruction the train may thereafter be moved forward at a determinedspeed until the next ramp ispassed.

.breaker Z11,.which is mounted on lever Z11` and insulated therefrom byinsulation -Z12f LeverV Z11, is pivotally mounted on pin Z13. Saidcircuit breaker or conductor Z, is adapted to form a bridge between theterminals Z15 and Z13, which are mounted on the upper end Z3 of themechanism illustrated i G3 of` plunger, G. When theengine or movtor carwhich is provided with this appa- -ratus has come to a full stop theengineer,

or'other person at his direction, may de-v press push button Z2? therebyforcing stem Z21 into abutment Z23 of lever Z11, turning said lever intothe position in' which it is illustrated in Fig. 14:; andso long as saidlever remains yin said position, said push button returning to itsnormal position, as

recited, the `electrical circuit of which governor V is .an element isclosed so that lever W11 (Fig. 10) may be manipulatedaszJ hereinbeforeset forth, and the train proceed as described. Upon passing the nextramp the upper end G3 ofthe plunger Gr will move the lever Z111 of thecircuit controller to break electrical connection between terminals Z111and ,Z1G land on receiving'a new danger signal the train will again bebrought to afull' stop, and to proceed push. butto-n Z2o mustagain bedepressed. 1

When the above describedl mechanism is used, as in passenger service,the contact, W1, is of substantially the-same length as contact R3, asis indicated in Fig. 141;; the conductor Z13 is attached at -vo'ne endto plate the path of movement kofthebeveled end i izo n R3 and at theother end to terminal Zw, and from terminal Zit", the conductor Z.18 eX-tends to and is tapped into conductor 72. Installed as described, whenbrush Q2 is in contact with contact R2 and W4 the ccaution signal isgiven, and the engineer by manipulating lever l/ 11, may Aproceed as'hereinbefore described; when however, said brush Q2 passes below thecontact W4 and electrically engages withk contact R3, the circuit ofwhich conductor W2 is an element, is broken until the push button Z, isdepressed to force lever Z11 into the position in which it isillustrated in said F ig. 14, at which time terminals Zl' and Z150 arebridged by conductor Z, and the conductorI Z1 from contact- R3, theterminal Z15, bridge Z1, terminal Z1G and conduc tor Zw, back toconductor "2 are brought into a closed circuit, which comprises frombattery R4, the conductor R5', switch RG, conductor g2, the guide gabutment @,brusl'i Q2 to Contact R3 and the last above recited elements,and from said elements the remainder of the circuits hereinbefore de-.fscribed which includes the conductor 72, to wit, (see Fig. l0),`thebrushes W, W, rings V3, conductor W3, the coils of the electromagnet W5,and conductor IVG, and ground Vg, and from the ground thence to groundReg and conductor r4 to said battery R4. The engineer will therefore,after having forced bridge Zl* between'terminals Z15 and Z1, be able toVproceed in the manner hereinbefore described, by manipulating the lever'W, as hereinbefore set forth.

I claim; y

1. In an installed block railroad track sectional ramps installedadjacent to the track -rails of the blocks adjacent to a determinedblock, the upper faces of said sections linclined, with the outer endsof the end sections of the ramp in a lower plane than thel adjacent endsof the middle sections thereof,

means to insulate the sections of said ramps from each other and fromthe ground, means to -energize two of the sections of said ramps, saidtwo sections being at the ends of said ramps which are nearest saiddeter-` mined block, means to make and break the electric circuits ofwhich said energizable sections of said ramps are elements, meanspositioned in said ,determined block to control said make and breakmeans, in combi-v 'along ysaid ramp.

trical conductor, inv combination with a 'i movably mounted shoe theoperable face whereof is provided with an insulated electricalconductor, and said shoe arrangedto co-a'ct with said ramp to bemechanically operatedk on contact with said ascending face andelectrically energizablel on contact with said descending face as saidshoe is moved' 3. A casing provided with a base and provided with acylindrical recess through said base and into said casing, a plungerlongitudinally movable in said casing, a piston on said plunger arrangedto form the mov-1 able wall to a chamber obtained thereby in saidcylindrical recess, an inlet to said chamber and an outlet 4from saidycylindrical recess, said piston' arranged to alternately make andinterrupt communication between Ysaid chamber and said outlet on adetermined movement of said plunger.

4L. A casing provided with a base and protudinally movable in saidcasing; andprovided with recesses adjacent to the upper end thereof, anelectromagnet, movable jaws adapted to be moved into engagement withsaid recesses when said magnet is energized, and to be mechanicallymoved from said engagement on a determined movement of said plunger.v

5. A casing provided with a base and provided ywith a cylindricalVrecess throughy said base and into said casing, a plunger longitudinallymovable in said casing, and provided with recesses adjacent to the upperondthereof, an electromagnet, movable jaws adapted to be moved intoengagement with saidrecesses when said magnet is energized, and to bemechanically moved from said engagement on a determined movement of saidplunger, a piston on said plunger arranged to form the movable wall to achamber obtained thereby in said cylindrical recess, an inlet to saidchamber and an Outlet from said cylindrical recess, said piston arrangedto alternately make and interrupt communication between said chamberand' `said outletA on said determined movement of said plunger.

6. A casing provided with a base and provided with a cylindrical recessthrough said base and into said casing, a plunger longitudinally movablein said casing and provided with a recess adjacent to the upper yendthereof, an electromagnet, movable jaws adapted to be moved intoengagement with said recess when said magnet is energized,`

vvided with a cylindrical recess through said base and into said casing,a plunger longi-'m and to. be mechanically moved from said en gagementon a .determined movement of l said plunger, -a piston on said plungerarranged -to form the movable wall to ya chamber obtained thereby insaid .cylindrical re-` f cess, an inlettov said chamberand anoutlet.from said cylindrical'recess, said piston ar-v said chamber and saidoutlet on said deterranged to interrupt communication between minedmovement of said plunger, and to make a limitedcommunication betweensaid i chamber and said outlet, when moved in the opposite directioninto-positionl to bring said. kjaws and recess into co-acting position,allV combined asset forth.

A casing provided with abase and provided with a cylindrical recessthrough said base and into said casing,`a plunger longi- Y saidrecesse'swhen said magnet is energized,

and to be mechanically moved from said engagement on a determinedmovement of said plunger, stationaryy electric contact members, a'brushmounted on said plunger and arrangedvto successively contact with saidcontact members-on the longitudinal travel of said plunger, and signals,ysaid contact members and .brush arranged to form, when in contact,elements of electric circuitsv Vwhich include said signals, and meansto--f energize'said'fcircuit, all 'combined as set. A

1 lmovement thereof in a determineddirection,

. and manually operable means to return said v forth. --f p Y Y l v 8. Acasing provided with a base and pro.-

l.vided with a cylindrical recess through said base and into. saidcasing,'.in combination with a plunger provided with recesses adj acentto the upper end thereof, and longitudinally 4movable in said casing, anelec- Atroinagnet, movable jaws. adapted. to bev f. moved.into'engageinentwith said recesses 7 when .said magnet is energized,and to be of its upward travel, stationary electric conv gitudinaltravelof said. plunger, 4and sigmechanically vmoved from said Aengagement on .they approach of said plunger to the end tact members, .abrush mounted onv said plu-nger, and arranged .to successively contactwith said contact members ontlie lon- 1 nals, said contact members andbrush var- .ranged to form, Vwhen in contact, elements of electriccircuitswhich .include said signals,

manually operated means to breaksaidcircuits and means to energize saidcircuits.

9. A conduit adapted to lorm an air pas- ,.sageivay, fromv thetraiupipeof air con-` ,ntrolled brake mechanism, a plunger, a movable pistonarranged-to obstruct said pas-.Q` lsageway, the position ofsaidpistonbeing y vcont-rolledby the position of said plunger, a

. circuit .breakerfnormally in` open .position anda plurality of meansfor manuallyv obstru'cting Asaid air passageway, thefcontrol-N.

cuit breakers;y

ling elements yof one Aof said-obstructing means and .saidcircuitbreaker being ele- 1 ments of an electric circuit, and a track.sidehmeinbensaid plunger arranged to coact .with'saidj track sidemember to mechanically control an open position to said cir- 10; An airpassageway, a arranged to obstructv said; passageway, an

electric circuit provided 'w ith energizing means, said circuitcomprisingya mechanically loperablecircuit breaker arranged tobenormally open and the coils of any elec- 1 tromagnet, an yarmaturetosaid magnet arranged to maintain said valve subsequent to the manualoperation thereof on its` seat When'said Ymagnet is energized, 4trackside means arranged to coact with saidplunger to move saidcircuitbreaker toits .normal position, and manually operablemeansto move saidcircuit breaker to a `closed position.

11. Ina train 'carried signal apparatus, theY combination ofaVpluralityV of electric circuits comprising means to generate an 5electric current, a brush actuated by va movably mounted plunger, acontact plate positionedA in the path of movement -of saidY brush, fa-conductorrfrom said plate and a Vsignal 'interposed on: saidconductor, fand:

one ofsaid circuits also 'comprising-aphormally open v.circuit breakerpositioned in thepatli of movement of said plunger and being closed,arranged ,to be opened by the circuit breaker to its closed position. n

.12.' Traing controlling mechanismV proplunger, a valve videdwith'anelectric circuit Acomprising a f 4circuit breaker, andprovided with anair valve, in jcombination with means to join said circuit breaker., andsaid air valve with theengineers brake leverof` an air brake mechanismto open said circuit breakerfand i, close said valvev when saidvbrakelever is moved in a determined directiony t0 a predeterminedposition, to maintain said circuit breaker open and said valve closed.when movedinone direction and to .close circuit breaker and open said.valve `when moved inthe opposite direction from said predeterminedposition.

13. In a traincontrol' mechanism, a signal, an air passagewaycommunicating at its inlet end with the ,train pipeoflair4 brakemechanism" and .arranged to discharge throughv said' signal aft itsoutlet end, and

mechanically operable Vmeans ltonobstruct vsaidpassageway,fincombinationwith trackside means tooperate said means toobstruct, means to. `close `said passageways and ymeans 'to join .saidclosing means to the lever ofthe engineersbrake lvalve of saidv.airjbrake mechanism, said ,meansf to join `arrz'mged tofclose saidclosing meanswhen yio said lever is moved in a determined directon to apredeterminedA position, to maintain it closed when saidy lever is movedin one direction fromlsaid pre-determined position and toopen'itwhen'moved in the opposite direction therefrom.

14. In a Vtrain carried signal apparatus duplicate mechanismsyrespectively provided with a longitudinally movable plunger, anelectrical brush controlled vby. said plunger and a contact platepositioned in the path Vof movement of said brush, in combination withelectric conductors from a contact v plate in one'to the brush in theother of said mechanisms, and a conductor from the contact plate in thelast named mechanism to and through a signalfand to ground.

15. Duplicatemechanisms respectively comprising a longitudinally movableplunger, electrical brushes mounted onsaid plunger,

contact points positioned in the path of.

travel of said brushes, means to conduct electrical energy from vacontact in one of lsaid-"mechanisms tothe brush of the other of saidmechanisms and means to conduct electrical energy from the contact ofsaid last named mechanism to ground, with signals interposed in 'saidlast named conducting means, and means to energize the circuit ofwhichsaid recited parts are elements. l'

16. Duplicate mechanisms respectively comprising a longitudinallymovable plunger,

` electrical brushes movably controlled by the l Vmovement ofsadplunger, contact points positioned inthe pathv of travel ofy said'brushes', means to conduct electrical energy from a contact in one ofsaid mechanisms to the brush of the other of said mechanisms and means:to conductelectrical energy from the contact point of said last namedmechanism and from the remaining contact points of said mechanisms, toground, with signals interposed in said last named Vconducting means,and means to energize the circuits ofy e Which said recited parts areelements.

17. VIn a train :control mechanism, a sig-v nal, an air passagewaycommunicating at its inlet end with the train pipe of air brakemechanism Vand y arranged to dischargeV through said signal at itsoutlet end, and

mechanically operable means to obstruct said passageway, means to closesaid passageway and. means to Join said closing mea'ns to the lever' ofthe engineers brake 'i valve of said air brake mechanism, said means tojoin arranged to close `said closing means when said lever is moved in adetermined direction to a pre-determined position, to maintain it closedwhen said lever is moved in one direction from said pre-determinedposition and to open it when moved in the opposite vdirection therefrom,additional means adapted to vclose said passageway, and manuallyoperable means arranged on the movement thereof to a determined positionto close said additional means, saidmanually operable means arranged toautomatically releasesaid additional closing means on the failure toretain said manually operable cuit, means to closey said passageway andmeans to join said closing means `to the lever of the engineers brakevalve of said air brake mechanism, said means to Join arranged to closesaid closing means when said lever 'is moved in a determined directiontoa predetermined position, to maintain it closed when said lever is movedin one direction vfrom said pre-determined position and to openk it whenmoved in the opposite direction therefrom, additional means adapted toclose said passageway, and manually operable means arranged, on thcmovement thereof to a determined position', to

operable means arranged to automaticallyv release said additionalclosing means on the failure to retain `said manually operable means in'said determined position in combination with Vtrackside means'tooperate said combinedmeans to obstruct said passageway and close saidcircuits.

' 19. In a train control mechanism, al signah-an airfpassagewaycommunicating at Yits inlet end with the train pipe of air mechanism andarranged-to discharge through saidsignal at its'outlet end, andmechanically operable means-toobstructsaid passageway,`means to closesaid passageway and means to join said closing means to the lever of theengineers brake valve of said air brakev mechanism, said means to joinarranged to close said closing means when said vlever is moved in adetermined direction to a pre-determinedl position, to maintain itclosed when said lever'is moved 1n one direction from saidpre-determined vposition and to open it when moved in the oppositedirection therefroima plurality of additional `means toclose vsaidpassageway, anelectromagnet, means to energize said magnet,v manuallyoperable means to close said plurality of additional means, and vmeanscontrolled by said energized magnet. to maintain one of said pluralityof additional means closed, said manually operable means arranged toautomatically,releasefthe one of said plurality of additional closingmeans lclose said additional means, said manually l'lO iov

which is not controlled by said magnet on the failure to retain saidmanually operable means in said .determined positiominA com-` binationwith trackside means to operate said signal at its outlet end, andmechanically operable means to obstruct said passageway, means to closesaid passageway and means to join said closing means to the lever of theengineers brake valve of said air brake mechanism, said means to joinarranged to 'close' said closing means when said lever is moved in adetermined direction to a pre-determined position, to maintain'it closedwhen'said lever is moved in one direction from said pre-determinedposition and to open it when moved in the opposite direction therefrom,a plurality of additional means to close said passageway, any electriccircuit, an electromagnet in said circuit, means toenergize saidcircuit, a governor adapted to break said circuit, manually operablemeans to close said plurality of additional means, and means controlledby said energized magnet-to maintain'one of said plurality of additionalmeans closed, said manually operable means arranged to automaticallyrelease `the oneof said plurality of additional closing means which .isnot controlled by said magnet onthe failure to retain said manuallyoperable means. in said determined position, in combination vwithtrackside means to operate said means to obstruct.

21. Ina train control mechanism, a signal, an air passagewaycommunicating at its inlet end with theV train pipe of air mecha- Vnismand arranged to discharge through said signal at its outlet end, andmechanically operable means to obstruct said passageway, means to closesaid passageway and means to join said closing means to the lever oftheengineers brake valve of said air brake mechanism, said means to joinVarranged to close said closing means when said lever is moved in adetermined direction to a predetermined position, to maintain it closedwhen said lever is moved in one direction vfrom said pre-determinedposition, and to said energized magnet to maintain one of said pluralityloit' additionaly means' closed, said manually operable means arrangedto automatically release the one of said plurality of additional closingymeans which isvnot controlled-by' saidV magnet on the iailure to retainsaid manually operable means insaid determined position, in combinationvwith trackside ymeans tofoperate 'said means to obstruct and'V also toAbreak said relectric circuit. Y'

22.v Ina trackside apparatus, standards attached .to trackiailsofinsulated blocks,- a'. -v

ramp rail comprising a plurality of ascending and descending membersinsulated from.

each other mounted in and insulated from said standards, electricconductors frompdetermined blocks to determined members of said ramp,circuit breakers forming elements of saidconductors, electromagnets`forming elements in additional circuits, whereof the track rails ofsaid determinedV blocks are ele- *y ments, arranged to control saidcircuit breakers, in combination with a cab carried apparatus arrangedto co-act mechanically with said ascending and descending members, andelectrically with-selected sections with saidramp, said bars being ofelectricy conductingmaterialand adapted tobe members of an electriccircuit,fin combination withl a plunger arranged to be actuated by tosubsequently selectively retain said plunger in an actuatedposition. f

24;. In a railway signal system, a track way divided into blocks, a roadside member said shoe, and electrically controlledmeans Y ioo. i

in each of said blocks, said road side member having ascending anddescending sections, 'in combination with a car carried electrically andmechanically responsive member,

and an additional car carried member arcending and electrically withsaid descending sections.

way, a ramp provided with ascending and ldescending insulated sections,in spaced reranged to co-act mechanically ,with said asi ii' 25. In arailway'y signal system, a track lation to the trackway, in combinationwith i a cab carried apparatus arranged to co-act mechanically with theascending and electrically with the descending sectionsV of said ramp. n4 .f

` 26. In a railway signal system, a track way, a road side member inspaced relation to the track way, said-road side member having ascendingand descending insulated sections, in combination with a car carried apiparatu's having as elements thereof a shoe, a plunger andelectroresponsiveV means adapted to co-act with said descending section,to suspend said plunger, and said shoe Vand plunger arranged toco-act'with saidvascending section to mechanically release saidelectroresponsive means,

27. a railway signalV system, track.'

Way divided into blocks, a road side member 1n each of said blocksvcomprising ascending anddescendin Sections, said descending sec! tionsbeingA e ectrically controlled b the apparatus having. a* suspendedslieejj; a4

V'With said descendinv section.y f

yplunger and an elleet'ioi'es'ponsive meml'nef,"

said ,shoe adapted Vto coraet mechanically 10 with said ascendingsection, and electrically ANDREW J. BROOKINS. In the. presence o-kCHARLES TURNER BROWN,- 1 n v J. SQUDDEKK Y A

